Publicación: Evaluación de la síntesis de ácido tereftálico (TPA) por hidrólisis alcalina a partir de tereftalato de polietileno (PET) para el reciclaje químico de material residual
| dc.contributor.advisor | Núñez González, Luis Ernesto | |
| dc.contributor.author | Paz Molina, Andrés | |
| dc.contributor.jury | Zambrano Ruano, Gamaliel Giovanni | |
| dc.contributor.jury | Ortiz Pineda, Carmen Alicia | |
| dc.contributor.jury | Núñez González, Luis Ernesto | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-07-01T22:30:09Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | |
| dc.description | Formato PDF digital — 152 páginas — incluye gráficos, tablas y referencias bibliográficas. | |
| dc.description.abstract | Se evaluó la hidrólisis alcalina de tereftalato de polietileno (PET) para sintetizar ácido tereftálico (TPA) a escala laboratorio, con el objetivo de identificar condiciones operativas, una ventana de tiempo donde la conversión y rendimiento se estabilicen y el desempeño económico del proceso a escala laboratorio. Primero se estudió el efecto de la temperatura (70, 75, 80 °C) y la relación NaOH:PET (0.70, 0.85, 1.00 g/g). El análisis estadístico mostró a la temperatura como el factor más significativo sobre los rendimientos, mientras que la relación base/polímero presentó un efecto significativo pero menor; la interacción entre ambos factores no fue significativa en el rango evaluado. Con base en ello se seleccionó 80 °C y NaOH:PET = 1.00 g/g para el estudio de tiempo. El seguimiento de la reacción en función del tiempo demostró una fase inicial entre 0 y 60 minutos donde la tasa de cambio fue mayor, seguido de una parte con ganancias marginales decrecientes, hasta que se aproximan a una meseta. Esto sugiere que el costo incremental de operación por prolongar la reacción más allá de cierto umbral puede llegar a aportar mejoras pequeñas frente a los costos asociados. Esto fue confirmado por el análisis costo-beneficio, que identificó como punto de operación favorable en torno a los 180 minutos. De igual forma, al comparar el efecto de las temperaturas y relación base-polímero sobre el Beneficio/Costo, se reconoció que a 80 ° C y 1.00 g/g de NaOH:PET se obtuvo el mejor resultado. Se concluye que dicha condición y un tiempo de referencia de 180 minutos constituye un compromiso entre la obtención de TPA y sus beneficios económicos. Como recomendación, se propone validar esta ventana de operación en lotes de mayor escala, a fin de evaluar su influencia sobre el Beneficio/Costo. | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | The alkaline hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was evaluated to synthesize terephthalic acid (TPA) at laboratory scale, with the objective of identifying operating conditions, a time window where conversion and yield stabilize, and the economic performance of the process at laboratory scale. First, the effect of temperature (70, 75, 80 °C) and the NaOH:PET ratio (0.70, 0.85, 1.00 g/g) was studied. The statistical analysis showed temperature as the most significant factor regarding yields, while the base/polymer ratio showed a significant but smaller effect; the interaction between both factors was not significant within the evaluated range. Based on this, 80 °C and NaOH:PET = 1.00 g/g were selected for the time study. Monitoring the reaction as a function of time showed an initial phase between 0 and 60 minutes where the rate of change was higher, followed by a section with decreasing marginal gains, until approaching a plateau. This suggests that the incremental operating cost of prolonging the reaction beyond a certain threshold may provide only small improvements compared to the associated costs. This was confirmed by the cost-benefit analysis, which identified a favorable operating point around 180 minutes. Likewise, when comparing the effect of temperatures and the base-to-polymer ratio on the Benefit/Cost indicator, it was recognized that at 80 °C and 1.00 g/g NaOH:PET the best result was obtained. It is concluded that this condition and a reference time of 180 minutes constitute a compromise between obtaining TPA and its economic benefits. As a recommendation, it is proposed to validate this operating window in larger-scale batches to evaluate its influence on the Benefit/Cost. | eng |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Pregrado | |
| dc.description.degreename | Licenciado en Ingeniería Química Industrial | |
| dc.format.extent | 152 p. | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.uvg.edu.gt/handle/123456789/6602 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | |
| dc.publisher | Universidad del Valle de Guatemala | |
| dc.publisher.branch | Campus Central | |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ingeniería | |
| dc.publisher.place | Guatemala | |
| dc.publisher.program | Licenciatura en Ingeniería Química Industrial | |
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| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights.coar | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) | |
| dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Reciclaje | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Ingeniería química | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Cost effectiveness | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Reacciones químicas | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Conversión de residuos | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Experimentación científica | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Costs, Industrial -- Guatemala | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Recycling (Waste, etc.) -- Guatemala | |
| dc.subject.ddc | 660 - Ingeniería química | |
| dc.subject.ocde | 2. Ingeniería y Tecnología::2D. Ingeniería Química | |
| dc.subject.ods | ODS 12: Producción y consumo responsables. Garantizar modalidades de consumo y producción sostenibles | |
| dc.title | Evaluación de la síntesis de ácido tereftálico (TPA) por hidrólisis alcalina a partir de tereftalato de polietileno (PET) para el reciclaje químico de material residual | spa |
| dc.title.translated | Evaluation of terephthalic acid (TPA) synthesis by alkaline hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for the chemical recycling of waste material | |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Pregrado | |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f | |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |
| dc.type.content | Text | |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis | |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion | |
| dc.type.visibility | Public Thesis | |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication |
