Publicación:
Evaluación de la síntesis de ácido tereftálico (TPA) por hidrólisis alcalina a partir de tereftalato de polietileno (PET) para el reciclaje químico de material residual

dc.contributor.advisorNúñez González, Luis Ernesto
dc.contributor.authorPaz Molina, Andrés
dc.contributor.juryZambrano Ruano, Gamaliel Giovanni
dc.contributor.juryOrtiz Pineda, Carmen Alicia
dc.contributor.juryNúñez González, Luis Ernesto
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T22:30:09Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionFormato PDF digital — 152 páginas — incluye gráficos, tablas y referencias bibliográficas.
dc.description.abstractSe evaluó la hidrólisis alcalina de tereftalato de polietileno (PET) para sintetizar ácido tereftálico (TPA) a escala laboratorio, con el objetivo de identificar condiciones operativas, una ventana de tiempo donde la conversión y rendimiento se estabilicen y el desempeño económico del proceso a escala laboratorio. Primero se estudió el efecto de la temperatura (70, 75, 80 °C) y la relación NaOH:PET (0.70, 0.85, 1.00 g/g). El análisis estadístico mostró a la temperatura como el factor más significativo sobre los rendimientos, mientras que la relación base/polímero presentó un efecto significativo pero menor; la interacción entre ambos factores no fue significativa en el rango evaluado. Con base en ello se seleccionó 80 °C y NaOH:PET = 1.00 g/g para el estudio de tiempo. El seguimiento de la reacción en función del tiempo demostró una fase inicial entre 0 y 60 minutos donde la tasa de cambio fue mayor, seguido de una parte con ganancias marginales decrecientes, hasta que se aproximan a una meseta. Esto sugiere que el costo incremental de operación por prolongar la reacción más allá de cierto umbral puede llegar a aportar mejoras pequeñas frente a los costos asociados. Esto fue confirmado por el análisis costo-beneficio, que identificó como punto de operación favorable en torno a los 180 minutos. De igual forma, al comparar el efecto de las temperaturas y relación base-polímero sobre el Beneficio/Costo, se reconoció que a 80 ° C y 1.00 g/g de NaOH:PET se obtuvo el mejor resultado. Se concluye que dicha condición y un tiempo de referencia de 180 minutos constituye un compromiso entre la obtención de TPA y sus beneficios económicos. Como recomendación, se propone validar esta ventana de operación en lotes de mayor escala, a fin de evaluar su influencia sobre el Beneficio/Costo.spa
dc.description.abstractThe alkaline hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was evaluated to synthesize terephthalic acid (TPA) at laboratory scale, with the objective of identifying operating conditions, a time window where conversion and yield stabilize, and the economic performance of the process at laboratory scale. First, the effect of temperature (70, 75, 80 °C) and the NaOH:PET ratio (0.70, 0.85, 1.00 g/g) was studied. The statistical analysis showed temperature as the most significant factor regarding yields, while the base/polymer ratio showed a significant but smaller effect; the interaction between both factors was not significant within the evaluated range. Based on this, 80 °C and NaOH:PET = 1.00 g/g were selected for the time study. Monitoring the reaction as a function of time showed an initial phase between 0 and 60 minutes where the rate of change was higher, followed by a section with decreasing marginal gains, until approaching a plateau. This suggests that the incremental operating cost of prolonging the reaction beyond a certain threshold may provide only small improvements compared to the associated costs. This was confirmed by the cost-benefit analysis, which identified a favorable operating point around 180 minutes. Likewise, when comparing the effect of temperatures and the base-to-polymer ratio on the Benefit/Cost indicator, it was recognized that at 80 °C and 1.00 g/g NaOH:PET the best result was obtained. It is concluded that this condition and a reference time of 180 minutes constitute a compromise between obtaining TPA and its economic benefits. As a recommendation, it is proposed to validate this operating window in larger-scale batches to evaluate its influence on the Benefit/Cost.eng
dc.description.degreelevelPregrado
dc.description.degreenameLicenciado en Ingeniería Química Industrial
dc.format.extent152 p.
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uvg.edu.gt/handle/123456789/6602
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad del Valle de Guatemala
dc.publisher.branchCampus Central
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingeniería
dc.publisher.placeGuatemala
dc.publisher.programLicenciatura en Ingeniería Química Industrial
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.armarcReciclaje
dc.subject.armarcIngeniería química
dc.subject.armarcCost effectiveness
dc.subject.armarcReacciones químicas
dc.subject.armarcConversión de residuos
dc.subject.armarcExperimentación científica
dc.subject.armarcCosts, Industrial -- Guatemala
dc.subject.armarcRecycling (Waste, etc.) -- Guatemala
dc.subject.ddc660 - Ingeniería química
dc.subject.ocde2. Ingeniería y Tecnología::2D. Ingeniería Química
dc.subject.odsODS 12: Producción y consumo responsables. Garantizar modalidades de consumo y producción sostenibles
dc.titleEvaluación de la síntesis de ácido tereftálico (TPA) por hidrólisis alcalina a partir de tereftalato de polietileno (PET) para el reciclaje químico de material residualspa
dc.title.translatedEvaluation of terephthalic acid (TPA) synthesis by alkaline hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for the chemical recycling of waste material
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregrado
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.visibilityPublic Thesis
dspace.entity.typePublication

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