Publicación:
Evaluación de la relación área/volumen y apertura del sustrato sobre el crecimiento del hongo Pleurotus ostreatus a nivel laboratorio

dc.contributor.advisorNúñez Gónzalez, Luis Ernesto
dc.contributor.authorPardo Carrillo, Natalia Tais
dc.contributor.juryZambrano Ruano, Gamaliel Giovanni
dc.contributor.juryOrtíz Pineda, Carmen Alicia
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-30T17:58:33Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionFormato PDF digital — 172 páginas — incluye gráficos, tablas y referencias bibliográficas.
dc.description.abstractPleurotus ostreatus es un hongo comestible de rápida colonización y amplia adaptabilidad que convierte residuos lignocelulósicos en biomasa de alto valor nutricional, económico y biotecnológico. La productividad de su cultivo depende tanto de las condiciones ambientales y del sustrato empleado como de los factores físicos que definen el microambiente interno del bloque. En el presente trabajo de graduación se evaluaron tres relaciones área/volumen (0.40, 0.45 y 0.50 cm⁻¹) y tres configuraciones de apertura posterior a la incubación del sustrato (doble apertura, apertura lateral y apertura superior) utilizado en la producción del hongo Pleurotus ostreatus para conocer su efecto sobre el crecimiento. Para ello, se desarrolló una metodología para cuantificar la producción de basidiocarpos y el crecimiento micelial. Se determinó que la relación área/volumen tuvo un efecto significativo en el rendimiento biológico y la masa de basidiocarpos, donde A/V = 0.45 cm⁻¹ alcanzó los mejores resultados (EB = 71.02 ± 14.22 %; masa = 173.33 ± 7.57 g). La apertura de la bolsa solo influyó significativamente en la cantidad de basidiocarpos, con la doble apertura (DA) obteniendo el mayor número (48 ± 16). En cuanto a dimensiones, la interacción A/V×Apertura mostró que DA con A/V de 0.40–0.45 favoreció sombreros amplios (6.5–7.0 cm) y estípites más cortos (3.0–3.5 cm). Además, se desarrolló un modelo cinético tipo Monod que describió adecuadamente la dinámica micelio–sustrato (R² > 0.90), evidenciando que la A/V afecta principalmente a μmax (0.352 d⁻¹ para 0.45; 0.412 d⁻¹ para 0.40; 0.231 d⁻¹ para 0.35 cm⁻¹), mientras que Ks (41–46 g L⁻¹) y Yx/s (0.88–0.89 g g⁻¹) permanecieron estables. Finalmente, el análisis costo-beneficio identificó como más favorable el tratamiento con A/V = 0.45 cm⁻¹ y DA, alcanzando la mejor relación Beneficio/Costo (1.2606).spa
dc.description.abstractPleurotus ostreatus is a rapidly colonizing, highly adaptable edible mushroom that converts lignocellulosic residues into biomass of high nutritional, economic, and biotechnological value. The productivity of its cultivation depends on environmental conditions, the substrate used, and the physical factors that define the block’s internal microenvironment. In this study, three area-to-volume ratios (A/V = 0.40, 0.45, and 0.50 cm⁻¹) and three post-incubation bagopening configurations (double opening, lateral opening, and top opening) were evaluated in the production of P. ostreatus to determine their effect on growth. A methodology was developed to quantify basidiocarp (fruiting body) production and mycelial growth. The A/V ratio had a significant effect on biological efficiency (BE) and basidiocarp mass, with A/V = 0.45 cm⁻¹ yielding the best results (BE = 71.02 ± 14.22 %; mass = 173.33 ± 7.57 g). Bag opening only significantly affected the number of basidiocarps, with double opening (DA) producing the highest counts (48 ± 16). Regarding dimensions, the A/V × Opening interaction showed that DA with A/V of 0.40–0.45 favored wider caps (6.5–7.0 cm) and shorter stipes (3.0–3.5 cm). In addition, a Monod-type kinetic model adequately described the mycelium–substrate dynamics (R² > 0.90), indicating that A/V primarily affected μmax (0.352 d⁻¹ for 0.45; 0.412 d⁻¹ for 0.40; 0.231 d⁻¹ for 0.35 cm⁻¹), while Ks (41–46 g L⁻¹) and Yx/s (0.88–0.89 g g⁻¹) remained stable. Finally, the cost–benefit analysis identified the treatment with A/V = 0.45 cm⁻¹ and DA as the most favorable, achieving the highest Benefit/Cost ratio (1.2606).
dc.description.degreelevelPregrado
dc.description.degreenameLicenciado en Ingeniería Química Industrial
dc.format.extent172 p.
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uvg.edu.gt/handle/123456789/6597
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad del Valle de Guatemala
dc.publisher.branchCampus Central
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingeniería
dc.publisher.placeGuatemala
dc.publisher.programLicenciatura en Ingeniería Química Industrial
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.armarcMushroom
dc.subject.armarcCultivos (Biología)
dc.subject.armarcGrowth regulators
dc.subject.armarcTécnicas de cultivo
dc.subject.armarcHongos comestibles
dc.subject.armarcVelocidad de reacción
dc.subject.armarcChampiñones (cocina)
dc.subject.armarcPleurotus -- Guatemala
dc.subject.armarcHongos -- Medio de crecimiento
dc.subject.armarcPleurotus ostreatus -- Guatemala
dc.subject.armarcHongos -- Aplicaciones industriales
dc.subject.ddc630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::635 - Cultivos hortícolas (Horticultura)
dc.subject.ocde2. Ingeniería y Tecnología::2D. Ingeniería Química
dc.subject.odsODS 2: Hambre cero. Poner fin al hambre, lograr la seguridad alimentaria y la mejora de la nutrición y promover la agricultura sostenible
dc.subject.odsODS 9: Industria, innovación e infraestructura. Construir infraestructuras resilientes, promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible y fomentar la innovación
dc.titleEvaluación de la relación área/volumen y apertura del sustrato sobre el crecimiento del hongo Pleurotus ostreatus a nivel laboratoriospa
dc.title.translatedEvaluation of the surface area-to-volume ratio and substrate opening on the growth of the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus at the laboratory scale
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregrado
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.visibilityPublic Thesis
dspace.entity.typePublication

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