Publicación: Mutagénesis aleatoria mediante el uso de radiación UV en bacterias diazotróficas para establecer una mejora en la capacidad fijadora de nitrógeno
| dc.contributor.author | Aguilar Rodríguez, Diana Rocio | |
| dc.contributor.educationalvalidator | García Caffaro, Isabella | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-10-28T17:08:58Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | |
| dc.description | Formato PDF digital — 71 páginas — incluye gráficos, tablas y referencias bibliográficas. | |
| dc.description.abstract | La caña de azúcar (Saccharum spp.) es un cultivo relevante para Guatemala, debido a su aporte en la economía e industria agrícola. Para obtener un buen crecimiento y rendimiento en los cultivos, es necesario la aplicación de fertilizantes nitrogenados. A pesar que, el fertilizante químico es importante para mantener el rendimiento y calidad de los cultivos, el uso excesivo de este tiene un efecto dañino en el medio ambiente y salud humana. Como una solución al uso excesivo de fertilizantes nitrogenados se ha planteado el uso de bacterias diazótroficas; las cuales pueden transformar el nitrógeno atmosférico a una forma más disponible y soluble para las plantas. El presente estudio tenía como propósito determinar si el uso de radiación UV, con el objetivo de generar una mutagénesis aleatoria, mejoraría la capacidad fijadora de nitrógeno en diferentes cepas bacterianas de suelo. Además, se buscó cuantificar el nitrógeno fijado por bacterias diazotróficas, empleando un método espectrofotométrico. Se utilizó un medio libre de nitrógeno para seleccionar las bacterias con una capacidad de fijar nitrógeno. Tras realizar la mutagénesis aleatoria se estableció una mejora en la capacidad fijadora de nitrógeno todas las mutantes generadas para Pseudomonas baetica, Bacillus subtilis, y Bacillus cereus. De las colonias individuales, la colonia 22 de Pseudomonas baetica, mostró la mayor diferencia entre las capacidades de fijación de nitrógeno de la colonia mutada y la colonia control. Para futuros análisis, se recomienda realizar una secuenciación de los genes nif de las colonias mutadas con una mejora en su capacidad de fijar nitrógeno, para establecer los efectos de las mutaciones inducidas por la radiación UV. | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a highly significant crop for Guatemala due to its contribution to the economy and agricultural industry. To achieve optimal growth and yield, the application of nitrogen-based fertilizers is necessary. Although chemical fertilizers are essential for maintaining crop yield and quality, their excessive use has detrimental effects on the environment and human health. As a solution to the overuse of nitrogen fertilizers, the application of diazotrophic bacteria has been proposed. These bacteria can transform atmospheric nitrogen into a more available and soluble form for plants. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of UV radiation to induce random mutagenesis could improve the nitrogen-fixing ability of different soil bacterial strains. Additionally, nitrogen fixation by diazotrophic bacteria was quantified using a spectrophotometric method. A nitrogen-free medium was employed to select bacteria capable of fixing nitrogen. Following random mutagenesis, an improvement in nitrogen-fixing capacity was observed in all mutant strains of Pseudomonas baetica, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus. Among individual colonies, colony 22 of Pseudomonas baetica showed the greatest difference in nitrogen-fixing capacity compared to the control colony. For future analyses, it is recommended to perform sequencing of the nif genes in the mutant colonies that exhibited improved nitrogen-fixing capacity to identify the effects of UV-induced mutations. | eng |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Pregrado | |
| dc.description.degreename | Licenciado en Bioquímica y Microbiología | |
| dc.format.extent | 71 p. | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.uvg.edu.gt/handle/123456789/6176 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | |
| dc.publisher | Universidad del Valle de Guatemala | |
| dc.publisher.branch | Campus Central | |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ciencias y Humanidades | |
| dc.publisher.place | Guatemala | |
| dc.publisher.program | Licenciatura en Bioquímica y Microbiología | |
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| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights.coar | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) | |
| dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Sugar cane | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Caña de azúcar | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Nitrogen -- Fixation | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Fijación del nitrógeno | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Agricultura sostenible | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Sistemas agrícolas | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Agricultura alternativa | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Tecnología apropiada | |
| dc.subject.armarc | Ultraviolet radiation -- Guatemala | |
| dc.subject.ddc | 570 - Biología::579 - Historia natural microorganismos, hongos, algas | |
| dc.subject.ocde | 4. Ciencias Agrícolas | |
| dc.subject.ods | ODS 2: Hambre cero. Poner fin al hambre, lograr la seguridad alimentaria y la mejora de la nutrición y promover la agricultura sostenible | |
| dc.title | Mutagénesis aleatoria mediante el uso de radiación UV en bacterias diazotróficas para establecer una mejora en la capacidad fijadora de nitrógeno | |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Pregrado | |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f | |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |
| dc.type.content | Text | |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis | |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion | |
| dc.type.visibility | Public Thesis | |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication |
